Incoterms
Who pays for what, and where the risk passes from seller to buyer, under each of the 11 Incoterms 2020 rules.
Incoterms 2020 chart
This chart is designed to provide a basic understanding of the Incoterms 2020 rules and definitions. For a fuller explanation of the trade terms, refer to the International Chamber of Commerce.
On a phone, swipe the chart sideways to see every rule.
| Transport | Any mode | Sea and inland waterway only | Any mode | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incoterms 2020 rule | EXWEx Works (place) | FCAFree Carrier (place) | FASFree Alongside Ship (port) | FOBFree On Board (port) | CFRCost & Freight (port) | CIFCost, Insurance & Freight (port) | CPTCarriage Paid To (place) | CIPCarriage & Insurance Paid To (place) | DAPDelivered At Place (place) | DPUDelivered At Place Unloaded (place) | DDPDelivered Duty Paid (place) |
| Risk transfers | At buyer’s disposal | On buyer’s transport | Alongside ship | On board vessel | On board vessel | On board vessel | At carrier | At carrier | At named place | At named place, unloaded | At named place |
| Export packaging | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller |
| Loading charges | Buyer | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller |
| Delivery to port or place | Buyer | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller |
| Export duty, taxes and customs clearance | Buyer | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller |
| Origin terminal handling charges | Buyer | Buyer | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller |
| Loading on carriage | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller |
| Freight charges | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller |
| Insurance | Negotiable | Negotiable | Negotiable | Negotiable | Negotiable | Seller | Negotiable | Seller | Negotiable | Negotiable | Negotiable |
| Destination terminal handling charges | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller | Seller |
| Delivery to destination | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Seller | Seller | Seller |
| Unloading at destination | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Seller | Buyer |
| Import duty, taxes and customs clearance | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Seller |
Not sure which Incoterm suits your shipment? Ask us when you request a quote, or see how they apply in our exporting and importing guides.
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